Regenerative Energie
SUMMARY:
The present work intends to contribute to the quality assessment of several composts produced in Portugal. Four commercial composts produced from poultry litter, urban residues and sewage sludge, and two home-made composts, produced from domestic wastes (kitchen refuses) through thermal composting and vermicomposting were compared.
The evaluation involved analyses of physical-chemical, chemical and microbiological parameters: moisture, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, ammonium nitrogen, heavy metals and enumeration of total heterotrophs, coliforms, enterococci, actinomycetes and fungi. The assessment of stability and maturity of composts was carried out through self-heating test, respiration activity after 4 days test and germination index. Some differences were evident among the six composts. For all composts analysed, the content of at least two different heavy metals analysed were above the values recommended, for soil improvers and growing media, in the EU Decision (EC, 2001), but below of those of Portuguese (EU base) regulation proposal (Gonçalves and Baptista, 2001). Domestic wastes and urban residues composts presented, respectively, the highest and the lowest counts of total heterotrophs, coliforms and actinomycetes, whereas the poultry compost presented the highest counts of enterococci. The vermicompost showed the highest counts of fungi. Results showed that the poultry compost has the lowest quality in contrast with the sludge compost that has the highest quality.
| Copyright: | © European Compost Network ECN e.V. |
| Quelle: | Orbit 2006 (September 2006) |
| Seiten: | 8 |
| Preis: | € 4,00 |
| Autor: | Maria Elisabete Ferreira Silva Prof. A. Cristina Cunha Queda C. Silva O. C. Nunes C. M. Manaia |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit