Regenerative Energie
SUMMARY:
This paper describes the characterization of leachate propagated from eight ultimate open disposal sites receiving municipal solid wastes (MSW) from the six major cities of Bangladesh, namely, Dhaka, Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Barisal and Sylhet. The study reveals that leachate at every site poses threat to health and environment.
Leachate is alkaline and amber to black in appearance having nuisance odor. Analysis of samples reveal wide variation of magnitudes as Chloride (16.5 to 3000 mg/l), Iron (0.0 to 710 mg/l), TDS (10 to 14420 mg/l) and BOD5 (0.40 to 8340) mg/l. Iron predominates and the mean total metals concentration obtained as 321.0 mg/l at Rajbandh disposal site, Khulna exceeded the regulatory limit of 5 mg/l. The ratio of BOD/COD ranges from 0.01 to 0.46 which shows biodegradability of leachate is very low. The concentrations of lead (0.75 mg/l), cadmium (0.21 mg/l) and nickel (0.46 mg/l) were permissible for disposal at surface water or land according to the national regulatory standards. Maximum concentration of chromium as 0.46 mg/l was found at North Kawnia disposal site, Barisal. Therefore, physicochemical and/or biological methods of treatment are required to treat leachate at the disposal site to either eliminate, or drastically reduce the harmful ingredients before they are discharged into the natural streams. The present form of leachate discharged from the disposal sites has short term and long term detrimental effects on ecology, public health and the environment.
| Copyright: | © European Compost Network ECN e.V. |
| Quelle: | Orbit 2006 (September 2006) |
| Seiten: | 5 |
| Preis: | € 2,50 |
| Autor: | Professor Dr. Muhammed Alamgir K. M. Mohiuddin A. AHSAN Dr. Karl Ernst Roehl |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit