Regenerative Energie
Behaviour and elimination of major estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) during wastewater and sewage sludge treatment have been studied in laboratory experiments simulating simultaneous aerobic sludge treatment.
Elimination and, in part, degradation rates, and mass balances of the anoxic and aerobic elimination of steroids, bisphenol A, and alkylphenols from synthetic wastewater as well as from laboratory-derived sewage sludge are presented. The elimination of 17 -estradiol (E2) amounted to 98.6 to 99.6 % (n = 3). 69.6 to 99.0 % of the E2 was eliminated in the first, anoxic treatment vessel simulating denitrification. Distinct degradation to Estron (E1) was observed. On molar basis, the overall elimination rate of E2+E1 amounted to 89.4 to 97.9 %. A similar behaviour was observed for bisphenol A (BPA). 40.2 to 67.8 % of the BPA was eliminated during denitrification, and 79.9 to 98.0 % overall (n = 4). In contrast, 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, 17 -ethynylestradiol, and mestranol have been eliminated by about 60 to 90 % indicating a lower biodegradability. Simultaneous aerobic sewage sludge treatment, thus, can be estimated being suitable for eliminating the EDC studied from synthetic wastewater and the thereby derived sewage sludge if the process was optimised.
| Copyright: | © European Compost Network ECN e.V. |
| Quelle: | ORBIT 2003 (Mai 2003) |
| Seiten: | 10 |
| Preis: | € 5,00 |
| Autor: | Dr.-Ing. Martin J. Gehring Dr.-Ing. Lars Tennhardt Dipl.-Ing. Dirk Vogel Dr.-Ing. Diethelm Weltin Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Dr. h.c. Bernd Bilitewski |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit