Regenerative Energie
In the presented paper a measuring method is described, which makes it possible to determine the heat flux on membrane walls of combustion plants online. With the help of the online heat flux measurement a monitoring of the refractory lining and the fouling condition of the boiler is possible over entire operating periods. With the presented method important additional information for the operator is given when using difficult fuels (waste and biomass) in a steam generating process.
The thermal treatment of wastes burning-afterburning procedures with grate firing (classical municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants) worked satisfactorily over many decades. Whereas the potential for advancements in this area has not yet been exhausted, substantial goals of the continuous development in MSWI-plants are:
- increase of the efficiency,
- primary measures for reducing pollutants,
- lowering of flue gas mass flows,
- improvement of ash quality,
- reduction of corrosion,
- extension of operating periods time, and
- improvement of economic efficiency.
Due to prevention of corrosion, knowledge concerning the formation of deposits (especially on steam generator surfaces) during operation is important. The formation of a fouling layer causes an additional heat resistance, i.e. the heat transfer within the boiler is hindered. An abrupt increase of the heating value, caused by varying waste composition, can induce a short-time temperature rise. As a consequence alkaline heavy metal compounds can be transported to super heater range.
During operation, with the help of the online heat flux measurement on the membrane walls, the formation of deposits, as well as the condition of the refractory lining, (changing in microstructure, defects etc.) can be determined. Therefore, for example, suitable times for the cleaning of the membrane walls can be specified by the operator more exactly and thus temperature shifts in the boiler with appropriate corrosion sequences within the super heater range can be avoided. In the presented contribution, firstly, one deals briefly with membrane walls in steam generators; particularly in MSWI-plants; and then with the individual criteria of the corrosion.
Afterwards the theoretical bases of the heat flux measurement are described and first results of the mathematical modelling with experimental results are compared and parameter variations discussed. Subsequently, in the view of the transfer on practice, one deals with the remaining development potential.
| Copyright: | © Bauhaus Universität Weimar - Lehrstuhl für Verfahren und Umwelt |
| Quelle: | Vorträge (November 2005) |
| Seiten: | 18 |
| Preis: | € 9,00 |
| Autor: | Professor Dr.-Ing. Michael Beckmann Dr.-Ing. Sascha Krüger |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit