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A New Methodical Approach for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Related to MSW Landfills in Russia

Nowadays, the most widespread method of MSW disposal in Russia is landfilling, using the most primitive landfilling technology. On an average, only 3-4 % of municipal solid waste is recycled, but the majority of waste is taken to dumps — there are about 11 thousand in Russia with an area of more than 11,000 hectares of land. About 82 billion tons of waste is buried in them. This fact requires that a full-fledged and accurate assessment of this activity and its influence on Environment has to be carried out before its implementation.

A gradual transition to recycling forms a central priority of the modern waste management model. However, a number of factors make it impossible to abandon landfilling, the most widespread way of waste disposal. Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are compound engineering facilities and high-quality assessment of their environmental impact has to be carried out. A new methodical approach for environmental impact assessment (EIA) related to MSW landfills for realization in Russia is based on expected negative influence throughout a landfill lifecycle, namely, from the moment of its construction till its decommissioning and creation of a natural/manmade area. For this purpose, legal aspects of waste handling, environmental impact assessment procedure, international standards of lifecycle assessment, landfill lifecycle, landfilling technologies and processes happening inside a landfill body were studied. It is recommended to apply the life-cycle assessment (LCA) and the environmental risk assessment (ERA), a combination of which enables to assess ecological consequences of MSW landfilling accurately and objectively and to decide on permissibility of such activity.

Copyright:	© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben
Quelle:	Recy & Depotech 2016 (November 2016)
Seiten:	4
Preis:	€ 2,00
Autor:	Ekaterina Zyryanova Dr.-Ing. Olga Ulanova
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