Regenerative Energie
Municipal solid waste has to be treated under economic and environmental commitments. Anaerobic digestion reduces the emissions by degradation of organic waste and promotes the expansion of renewable energy. One type of dry anaerobic digestion is processing organic solid waste in large concrete tunnel digesters usually operated by wheel loader. The biological treatment is supported by percolation to achieve Biogas from organic waste. But the water content of digestate is increased after anaerobic Digestion and often inhibits the rotting process. Residual organic acids and little void volume often complicate aerobic degradation and sanitation of digestate. Mechanical dewatering gives a start to powerful aerobic treatment of digestate. Results from several treatment plants confirm that dewatering of digestate increases the yield of biogas and improves the conditions of rotting.
The Mechanical-Biological Treatment (MBT) is a system of processing municipal solidwaste that combines mechanical processing with biological Treatment. The terms MBT relate to a group of systems for treatment of municipal solid waste which enables recycling and energetic utilisation of waste fractions and biological processing for degradation and stabilization. The mechanical processing is a physical stage and is designed to recycle waste fractions (paper, metals, packaging, glass) and to sort out harmful solid waste. The main output of mechanical pre-treatment is an organic-rich fraction or biodegradable fraction which will be ideal for biological treatment. The biological treatment aims aerobic rotting or drying or anaerobic digestion in combination with post-rotting. The anaerobic digestion generates biogas from organic fraction which is used as a source of renewable energy to generate electricity and heat. Rotting produces compost as a soil conditioner or stabilizes the organic fraction prior to landfilling (EU Landfill Directive). During aerobic stabilization the solid waste undergoes a rapid heating by aerobic degradation to reduce moisture. Aerobic drying with subsequent mechanical separation is used to produce refuse derived fuel (RDF) which is another source of waste-to-energy.
| Copyright: | © Wasteconsult International |
| Quelle: | Waste-to-Resources 2015 (Mai 2015) |
| Seiten: | 14 |
| Preis: | € 7,00 |
| Autor: | Dr. Peter Schalk |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit