Regenerative Energie
During the production of paper and packaging materials, various paper sludges are producedas waste material. This research project, funded by the DBU, investigates cofermentation in the digesters of mechanical biological treatment plants (MBT) as an ecological and economical solution for the use of these residuals. Three types of paper sludge from different ways of paper production were analyzed. The slurries were checked for possible inhibition effects upon the biogas process in MBT and their Biogas yield. First results have shown that the co-fermentation of paper sludges in digesters of MBT plants could be useful. The results found so far do not show definite inhibition effects.
Over the past years biological ways of utilization of paper mill sludges became more and more restricted. Spreading on fields with or without previous composting or Digestion is now prohibited for many industrial sludges in Germany. Thus, digestion in MBT plants was found to be an energetically reasonable alternative for paper mill sludges. In 2013 4.8 million tons of residues were produced in pulp and paper mills (JUNG, 2014). Approximately 70 % of these are suitable for digestion. According to JUNG, 2014 this corresponds to one million tons of sludges from deinking process, 0.1 million tons of biological sludges from waste water treatment (WWT) and 2.3 million tons of Primary sludges containing waste fibres and fillers. Small paper particles are always part of the fine fraction of residual waste as used in the digestion stage of MBT plants. Municipalsolid waste, source separated organics and biological sludge of municipal WWT also contain paper in different portions. So far no problems in digestion caused by paper were reported. On the contrary, in some cases paper fraction is welcome, known to stabilize the digestion process and to improve dewatering of digested slurries.
| Copyright: | © Wasteconsult International |
| Quelle: | Waste-to-Resources 2015 (Mai 2015) |
| Seiten: | 14 |
| Preis: | € 0,00 |
| Autor: | Meike Walz Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Corinna Hentschke Prof. Dr.-Ing. Achim Loewen Dipl.-Ing (FH) Christian Bienert |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit