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From Selective Collection to Solid Recovery Fuel and 50% recovery achievement: two Italian case studies

Developments in the management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has followed a very complex evolution in Europe, where, gradually, the principle that, in addition to minimizing the production of waste, the necessity to maximize its recovery has been established. This leads to consider the waste as a potential resource, with both environmental and economic benefits. However, considering the different waste management Systems in EU, the results obtained are very different because they are affected by different aspects (socio-economic structure, traditions, conformation of the territory, critical environmental issues, etc). The present study took into account the situation in two developed and rich areas located in the Northern Italy, comparing the different approaches with the aim at improving the waste management by optimizing the recovery of waste, especially from an energy point of view, and in particular, realizing solid recovery fuel (SRF) starting from the residual municipal solid waste (RMSW).

The new challenge in the European Union (EU) countries is the achievement of recovery through different strategies/treatments of 50% of the produced municipal solid waste(MSW). In this context the selective collection (SC) seems to be a sustainable solution but also needs to be integrated with other processes. In the last decade, the conventional and innovative thermal treatments were the most used ones for the Management of the residual waste (RMSW) in order to exploit it, from the energetic point of view (Ryuet al., 2007; Consonni and Vigano, 2011; Ionescu et al., 2013; Torretta et al., 2014; Rada and Ragazzi 2014). In Europe the situation began to change with the introduction of the UNI CEN/TS 15357- 15747 norms since 2006. In Italy, instead, the situation began to change with the introduction of the Decree 205/2010 regarding the fuels that can be obtained from MSW taking into account the indications from the European norms (Rada and Andreottola, 2012; Lorber et al., 2012; Trulli et al., 2013). This legislation was updated through the Decree no. 22/2013, introducing the term of 'combustible solid recovery fuel (SRF)�, and requiring to be only in the first 3 characterization classes (LHV @15-25 MJ/kg, Cl B0.2 -1%, Hg B 0.02-0.03 Mg/MJ), in order to be classified as 'End of Waste�.On July 2, 2014, the European Commission adopted some proposals aimed at developing a more circular economy in Europe and at promoting recycling in the Member States. The achievement of the new targets for waste recovery will make Europe more competitive, using materials that would not be wasted but recovered from products at the end of life. The new targets regard the achievement of 70% MSW recycling and of 80% waste packaging by 2030 and since 2025, the prohibition of landfilled recyclable waste. Another objective is the reduction of marine and food waste. The present paper analyses the possibility to produce SRF and combustible SRF through the implementation of a good selective collection in two areas from the North part of Italy. Also the target of 50% recovery is discussed.

Copyright:	© Wasteconsult International
Quelle:	Waste-to-Resources 2015 (Mai 2015)
Seiten:	9
Preis:	€ 4,50
Autor:	Dr.-Ing. Dipl. Elena Cristina Rada Prof. Dr.-Ing. Vincenzo Torretta
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