Regenerative Energie
The objective of this investigation was to study the effect of several pretreatment methods on anaerobic mixed culture in order to convert volatile faty acids (VFAs) into medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) using ethanol. The expected results will reveal the efficiency of MCFAs evolution and substrate removal efficiency among different pretreatment methods as acid preatreatment, chemical pretreatment (2-bromoethane sulphonic acid sodium salt 10g/l for 24 h, heat shock pretreatment at both 100 °C for 1 h and under autoclaving conditions. The results will be compared to control experiment and different mixed conditions. In addition the effect of ethnol concentration on chain elongation process will be studied.
The awareness of environmental quandaries and energy issues associated with burning fossil fuels has encouraged many researchers to invistigate the possibility of using alternative sources of energy to reduce the reliance on fossil carbon sources for chemical and fuel production. Among them, biodiesel seems inordinately fascinating for several reasons: it has minimal toxicity, highly biodegradable, can supersede diesel fuel in many different applications such as in boilers and internal combustion engines without major modifications, nearly zero emissions of sulfates, aromatic compounds and other chemical substances that are destructive to the environment, a minuscule net contribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) when the whole life-cycle is considered (including cultivation, production of oil and conversion to biodiesel), it appears to cause significant amendment of rural economic potential. On the other hand the contemporary biodiesel production from seed oil crops will not be able to meet the mounting global biodiesel demand in the next decades, however the expansion of seed oil production is restrained by the shortage of suitable Arable land, high feedstock prices, as well as the competition with food production and nature conservation. To overcome the growth limitations of the biodiesel supply on the one hand, but lower greenhouse gas emissions with little or no competition with food production on the other hand, different feedstock sources than seed oils should be explored.
| Copyright: | © DGAW - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Abfallwirtschaft e.V. |
| Quelle: | 4. Wissenschaftskongress März 2014 - Münster (März 2014) |
| Seiten: | 5 |
| Preis: | € 2,50 |
| Autor: | Tarek Elzamel Prof. Dr. Liselotte Schebek Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Johannes Jager |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit