Regenerative Energie
The production of biomethane and its feeding into the existing natural gas grids is an interesting alternative compared to the conventional electricity and heat production from biogasin co-generation units directly on the location of the biogas plant. Thus the biogas can be better utilized energetically either by central cogeneration of heat and power, utilization as fuel for vehicles or by direct utilization by the end-consumer. Also, by the substitution of natural gas we reduce our dependency on imports from foreign natural gas deliveries. Germany has the lead role in Europe in the production of biomethane and biomethane is already fed into the natural gas grid at numerous locations. Most other European countries do have remuneration systems for electricity, but unfortunately there are not yet any precise legal regulations for the biomethane feeding into existing gas grids. Germany can be pioneer and can offer support based on their long experience during the establishment of appropriate legal basic parameters in other European countries. However, political commitment must also be shown in order to realize this way of utilization of biogas. Biomethane is the most flexible regenerative energy source which can be utilized in different variations and especially with the highest Efficiency.
The production of biogas from organic waste material and energy crops has been realized successfully around Europe for many years in numerous biogas plants. The plants treat abroad range of organic waste material as well as energy crops and many different processes are therefore implemented. With the production of biogas many important environmentally relevant goals are pursued, as the production of biogas generates a valuable, storable renewable energy source. The production of renewable energy sources has globally become very important from an environmental point of view in order to use the fossil energy sources which contribute to a great degree to the reduction of the greenhouse effect. Also, fossil energy sources are only available for a limited time period and therefore alternative, renewable energy sources must be produced in the future.
Biogas plants also treat large-scale organic municipal waste, organic agricultural waste and organic industrial waste. Thus, an important and necessary eco-political goal is reached: there-structuring of the waste landfilling - which unfortunately is still very much practiced - into waste recycling and energy production from waste. With the controlled recycling of organic waste in biogas plants, the emission of climate damaging gases such as carbondioxide and methane on landfills as well as from heavily contaminated seepage water from landfills can be reduced considerably.
Biogas is utilized energetically at numerous decentral locations in co-generation units. The electricity which is produced is fed into the power grid and is financially remunerated according to the country-specific legal framework. Additionally to electricity, the co-generation units also produce considerable heat. However, biogas plants only require very low specific heat so the main part of the produced heat unfortunately cannot be utilized energetically at the decentral locations. This being the situation, it is very important to also realize the most ideal energetic concept in the future, depending on the location. An interesting possibility for a more efficient energetic utilization of biogas is the upgrading into biomethane with natural gas quality. Biomethane offers interesting alternative utilization possibilities such as its feed into the existing natural gas grids or its utilization as biofuel.
This presentation explains which input material is used for the biomethane production, how biomethane is produced and which different areas of utilizations are possible.
| Copyright: | © Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH |
| Quelle: | Waste Management, Volume 3 (Oktober 2012) |
| Seiten: | 6 |
| Preis: | € 0,00 |
| Autor: | Dr.-Ing. Dieter Korz |
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