Regenerative Energie
The Republic of Turkey, with about 75 million inhabitants on an area of 74.724.269 kmsup2; and since 1999 a candidate for membership in the European Union, is currently economically the seventeenth strongest country in the world. In Europe it is the sixth largest economy. In 2011, the GDP (purchasing power parity) was approximately $ 1.026 trillion and the gross national product amounted to $ 763.1 billion. The growth rate amounted to 8.2% in 2010 and to 4.6% in 2011. The expected rates are for 2012 about 3.25% and for 2013 approximately 4.50%.
The financial markets and the banking system is well regulated. The vehicle manufacturing industry, the construction industry and the electronics industry are becoming more and more important in the export sector and have already outstripped the textile industry.
Turkey is one of the largest European manufacturers in the automotive sector, and every other electric white good produced in Europe is from Turkey. The country is the world leader in the export of boron, the second largest exporter of jewelry and the third largest for ceramic tiles; it is the second largest producer of plastic goods and is the third largest steel producer in Europe.
Agriculture accounts for only 9,3 % in the gross national product (GNP) of Turkey, while the proportion of industry achieves a share of 28.1 % and the share of services amounts to 62.6 %. 25.5 % of the working population is in agriculture. Industry employs 26.2 %, and 48.4 % work in the services sector. The unemployment rate in 2011 was 9.8 %. The debt of the public sector is with 42.4 % of the gross national product relatively low; the government budget recorded 2011 a deficit of only 1.6 % of GNP.
| Copyright: | © Thomé-Kozmiensky Verlag GmbH |
| Quelle: | Waste Management, Volume 3 (Oktober 2012) |
| Seiten: | 6 |
| Preis: | € 0,00 |
| Autor: | Professor Dr.-Ing. Oktay Tabasaran |
| Artikel nach Login kostenfrei anzeigen | |
| Artikel weiterempfehlen | |
| Artikel nach Login kommentieren | |
Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit