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Re-Use of Lithium-Ion-Cells and - Modules from Electric-Vehicle-Batteries

Lithium-Ion-cells in batteries for electric vehicles that are close to standard cars are stressed heavily in traction operation according to temperature, peak power and depth of discharge. After some thousand cycles, batteries offer only reduced capacity and cannot be used for full traction any more. Also in case that a single cell becomes defective the battery pack is out of operation.

A favourable option for re-use of good cells from batteries that are worn out or defective can be for stationary applications providing electrical energy storage for renewable sources of electric energy (photovoltaics, wind power).
Before such a cell can be re-used it has to be checked. In order to obtain experience in battery test we use cells surviving an abuse test where fire propagation over cells and modules inside a battery pack has been evaluated. Out of a module of twelve cells, ten cells are operative. These cells are charged onto peak charge voltage of 4.2 Volts. Then discharge, on to a load resistor setting the current to about rated value, is started. Discharge current is acquired through a digital multimeter via its potential-separated optical USB interface into a PC. Careful handling is necessary to avoid direct short circuits at battery terminals. Inserting a high breaking current capacity fuse will become necessary if tests are carried out by inexperienced personnel.
By means of the PC, battery capacity of each cell is calculated from discharge current versus time. In order to have a comparison to cells that we not subjected to such an abuse-test we first evaluated a reference cell with a rated capacity of 50 Ah. This cell yielded 53.9 Ah, defined as 100 %.

Copyright:	© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben
Quelle:	Depotech 2012 (November 2012)
Seiten:	4
Preis:	€ 2,00
Autor:	BSc Martin Weiss Ing. DI Dr. Astrid Arnberger
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