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Site-Specific Aftercare Completion Criteria: Case Studies

Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills need to be managed after closure to assure the long-term protection of human health and the environment. Aftercare can be completed when the authorities consider a landfill to no longer pose a threat to humans and the environment.

A methodology for deriving site-specific aftercare completion criteria has been developed and its application to three closed MSW landfill is illustrated in this work. The evaluation method combines models addressing waste emission behavior, long-term barrier performance, and pollutant migration to assess the potential impact of landfill emissions on the environment (e.g. groundwater). Based on the definition of acceptable impact levels at certain points of compliance, scenario- and pollutant-specific aftercare completion criteria can be derived. The criteria can be used to compare different management strategies in view of duration and intensity of aftercare.
At all the case study landfills municipal solid waste (MSW) has been deposited. Landfill A was closed in 2007 (1,300,000 tons of waste), Landfill B in 2002 (500,000 tons of waste), and Landfill C in 1988 (100,000 tons of waste). The climatic conditions at the sites differ significantly, for instance the annual precipitation rates are around 730 mm and 630 mm at Landfill B and C, respectively, and around 1200 mm at Landfill A. Scenario-based aftercare completion criteria are derived for each site assuming a slow-degradation of the top cover system and an inefficient base lining system after the end of aftercare. Drinking water quality standards are used to define quality criteria for the acceptable impacts on the groundwater. The resulting leachate completion criteria for ammonium-nitrogen are 217 mg/litre at Landfill A, 6 mg/lire at Landfill B, and 75 mg/litre at Landfill C. With respect to leachate quality, ammonium-nitrogen turns out to be the most critical constituent (among the investigated parameters COD, Cl, and NH4-N), as it takes the longest time to comply with the respective criteria in the leachate. In addition to the emission-related criteria, the conditions assumed in the long-term emission scenar-io underlying the evaluation represent further completion criteria (e.g. maintaining a certain top cover layout and performance). The durations of aftercare (i.e. until the ammonium-nitrogen completion criteria could be reached in the leachate) were determined for two different aftercare strategies. One strategy is to leave the temporary cover (between 11 and 25 % of precipita-tion infiltrate into the waste) at the landfill until the ammonium completion criterion can be met and afterwards a final cover will be installed.

Copyright:	© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben
Quelle:	Depotech 2012 (November 2012)
Seiten:	6
Preis:	€ 3,00
Autor:	Prof. Dr. David Laner Ass. Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. Johann Fellner
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