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Processing and Gasification of Solid Recovered Fuels

The energetic utilization of waste and material recycling are preferred options in waste man-agement compared to pure disposal in the context of climate change mitigation and depleting re-sources. Waste-to-energy is one particularly interesting option for heterogeneous waste, which cannot be reused or material recycled. In order to secure that environmental standards are not being compromised, waste material that may be used as an energy resource in industrial coincineration ("solid recovered fuels") shall be processed to meet certain quality criteria (e.g. the chlorine and heavy metal content). Additionally, in Austria the biogenic carbon content of the waste stream is a determining criterion in the energetic recovery in terms of climate change protection due to legal obligations (EU emission trading scheme on CO2).

The required processing demands (material-specific splitting of heterogeneous waste) can be met by the use of sensor-based sorting technologies. In previous work, the conducted research focused on the depletion of pollutants (i.e. the reduction of the chlorine and heavy metal content) as well as the generation of a biogenic and fossil carbon enriched waste stream in order to meet the requirements for SRF.
In specific cases the use of SRF as a substitute for fossil fuels is limited (e.g. in the cement and steel industry) due to the fact that the residues of the combustion process influence the quality of the industrial products. The gasification of SRF on the other hand has many advantages. 1) There is no direct influence on the generated products and 2) the generated product gas can be provided with constant energy content. Based on the biogenic content of the material-feedstock, the generated product gas can also be considered as (partly) renewable.
The aim of this paper is a comparative analysis of the product gas quality that can be achieved by the gasification of 1) a biogenic and 2) a fossil carbon enriched waste stream generated by using NIR sensorbased sorting.
The paper also gives an overview on the range of possible applications for the generated product gas (e.g. for thermal purposes, in combined heat and power plants, gas engines or the further processing to synthesis gas that can be converted to liquid fuels). A limiting factor for the application of the generated gas is obviously given by the high content of pollutants (S-, N-, Cl-compounds) that need to be reduced by optimizing the gasification process (e.g. additional gas cleaning step).

Copyright:	© Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben
Quelle:	Depotech 2012 (November 2012)
Seiten:	6
Preis:	€ 3,00
Autor:	Dipl.-Ing. Manuel Sommer Markus Kleinhappl Prof. Dr. Arne Michael Ragoßnig
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