Regenerative Energie
The European Union is extremely poor in terms of primary metal resources such as Chromium, Nickel, Cobalt, Manganese, Molybdenum, Vanadium, and Wolfram - all important elements for steel alloys, but also of Aluminum, Titanium and Copper, as well as precious metals and rare elements. Thus the recovery of various valuable metals must be made the highest priority for recycling and in secondary production.
The 1st and 2nd Law of Thermodynamics are absolutely valid and must also be observed in recycling operations, particularly for separate collection at source, specific separation and processing technologies, and maximum recovery based on individual alloy recipes in the most appropriate metal melting processes with a minimum of losses. The future-oriented EU-Directive 2008/98/EC on Waste indicates the need for innovations and new project implementation.
Metal shavings and sludges (e.g. from grinding, honing, lapping) are typically contaminated with emulsified oils necessary for cooling and lubricating in the various machining processes. Therefore such potentially valuable wastes are to be handled as potentially hazardous wastes. There is strong probability of contamination by more than 2 % hydrocarbons, as well as the high potential for water pollution due to emulsified oils attached on the metal surfaces. However there are only incomplete and non-cohesive statistics on the tracking of such - potentially valuable and environmentally hazardous - metal wastes due to the practice of collecting these often relatively small amounts generated in individual workshops in the form of mixed metal wastes. The phenomenon of material losses in waste disposal is sometimes referred to as the fate of "vagabonding" materials. The worldwide most advanced demonstration project MSSB, Metal Shavings and Sludge Treatment (= Behandlung in German) was developed jointly by the regional scrap recycling company KUTTIN RECYCLING (part of the SCHOLZ group), the worldwide leading press-machinery manufacturer, ATM RECYCLINGSYSTEMS, with consulting engineering provided by UV&P Environmental Management and Engineering based in Vienna, and the Mining University of Leoben.
| Copyright: | © Lehrstuhl für Abfallverwertungstechnik und Abfallwirtschaft der Montanuniversität Leoben |
| Quelle: | Depotech 2012 (November 2012) |
| Seiten: | 6 |
| Preis: | € 3,00 |
| Autor: | Franz Neubacher Gerald Kurz M. Ritter |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit