Carbon Footprint and Energy Balance of Different Methods in the Treatment of Biodegradable Waste

The target of this publication is the ecological evaluation and comparison of four different methods in the treatment of biodegradable waste. "Greenhouse gas emissions" (CO2 equivalents) and "cumulated energy demand" have been chosen as impact indicators. Following four treatment concepts have been specified for the comparison:
- Concept 1: Composting,
- Concept 2: Biological drying for the production of biomass fuel fractions,
- Concept 3: Full fermentation including a post-rotting of the solid fermentation residues and
- Concept 4: Fermentation with a conveyor dryer for the fermentation residues.

 

To ensure a direct comparability the same amount of waste (40,000 mg/a biodegradable waste) and composition have been modeled for all concepts concerned. For the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) adequate impact categories had to be defined. Positive and negative environmental impacts were taken into account in the balance as credits and debits.
The following steps of the process line have been assessed:
- the biological treatment (fermentation, composting),
- the transport of the produced outputs to the appropriate treatment facilities and
- the material and thermal utilization of the outputs.

 

 

 

Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland

Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens - ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.

Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit

 

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