Anticipating Water Scarcity of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

The City of Yogyakarta, located on the slope of Merapi Volcano in Indonesia, sufferred from water scarcity. The water table has declined up to 3 m in 2001-2008. The annual rainfall of 2000 mm, is inadequate to supply the population for domestic water demand only. Eighty per cent of population use dugwells as their domestic water sources. The soil underlying the City is adequately permeable to allow the rain water to recharge the groundwater. However, the population is high, and so the demand for water. The deeper groundwater has also been abstracted before adequate recharge effort is applied. The City is sloping down from north to south on the landforms of foot slope, foot plain, and alluvial plain; intersected by 5 rivers; Bedog, Winongo, Code, Gajahwong and Tambakbayan. This situation devides the City into 12 hydrology unit areas, which are independent to each other. Most of the areas, even in the rainy season, are critical, in which the water demand exceeds the water supply from rainfall.

Many of the cities in the world depend on the groundwater for their domestic needs. The development and the high rate of population increase, has resulted in even higher rate of ground water consumption. Yogyakarta, a developing city in Indonesia is one of those. This city, the capital of Yogyakarta Special Region (Province), is a developing city in the island of Java, Indonesia. The Central Statistics Bureau (BPS) of the Yogyakarta Special Region (Province) shows that the population of the province in 2010 is 3,457,491 people, living in a province of 3,185.81 km² large. The density of the population is, therefore, 1,049 people/km². The city of Yogyakarta, as the capital of the Yogyakarta Special Region (Province) is of course the most densely populated in the province. With such average density in the province, the density in the city is 12,114 people/km². The population of the city was 60,000 people in 1930, increased to 2,750,813 people in 1980. The current rate of population increase is 1.9 % a year.

Eighty percent of the city population and the surrounding use dugwells, as the resource of their domestic water need. Another source stated that 72 % of the people use the dugwells, while the remainders are supplied by Public Water Supply Company and other sources such as bottled water.

Copyright:	© Vulkan-Verlag GmbH
Quelle:	GWF International 2012 (September 2012)
Seiten:	8
Preis:	€ 8,00
Autor:	Prof. Dr.-Ing. Franz Nestmann Bambang Hargono Junun Sartohadi Pramono Hadi Bakti Setiawan

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