Regenerative Energie
The thesis will analyze mass flows and estimate corresponding monetary flows in three different key areas: Rio, Brazil; Delhi, India; Germany-Poland. A focus is put on formal and informal amounts, impacts on recycling quotas, advantages and disadvantages for waste management systems, legal barriers, political incentives and economic drivers to regulate informal activities and find differences and common grounds regarding waste management systems. The current contribution highlights the economic drivers and incentives that cause informal activities and presents results regarding the informal sector in Germany.
Every year informal collected items leave German (respectively European) borders. These transhipped amounts are hardly definable. In general two different main transhipment routes can be found. Via the Hamburg Harbour actors ship electric and electronic goods to countries like Africa, Asia and South America. In most cases shiploads are declared as second-hand products or secondary raw materials, whereas they already come under the definition of waste according to § 3 of the German waste law (KrW/AbfG, Jaron 2009). A study estimated that a majority of transhipped electric and electronic equipment (around 155.000 tons in 2008) did not answer the standards of a second-hand product, but were declared as such [Sander 2010]. Impel (European Union Network for the Implementation and Enforcement of Environmental Law) controlled several suspicious shipments at European harbours. An illegal shipment could be detected in 50 per cent of the conducted controls [Leonardt 2006]. The assumed second-hand products are brought to countries like China, India, Ghana or Nigeria. At the destination point they are subject to treatment measures, which are not in line with state of the art techniques, moreover, they cause massive environmental and health risks.
| Copyright: | © DGAW - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Abfallwirtschaft e.V. |
| Quelle: | 2. Wissenschaftskongress März 2012 - Rostock (März 2012) |
| Seiten: | 6 |
| Preis: | € 3,00 |
| Autor: | Ulrike Lange Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Dr. h.c. Bernd Bilitewski |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit