Processing of Heterogeneous Waste Streams by NIR Sorting - Reflections on the Material-Specific Recovery based on selected M(B)T-Waste Streams -

Especially in case of heterogeneous waste streams which cannot be reused or material recycled Waste-to-Energy (WtE) is one particularly interesting option. Waste material used as energy resource, e.g. in industrial co-incineration as Solid Recovery Fuel (SRF) in order to replace fossil fuels, needs to be processed to meet certain quality criteria (e.g. in terms of fuel properties as well as the chlorine and heavy metal content). Being the reason for this to avoid negative influences on the co-incineration process as well as the product quality in the case of the cement industry and to secure that environmental standards are not being compromised. During the last years in Europe the biogenic carbon content of the waste streams to be co-incinerated has gained in importance as a determining criterion for the energetic recovery of waste due to legal obligations and resulting economic considerations (EU’s CO2 emission trading scheme).

The required processing demands - material-specific splitting of heterogeneous waste - in order to allow for an optimized routing of resulting waste streams can potentially be met by the use of sensor-based sorting technologies, which are already state-of-the-art for the treatment of separately collected recyclables which are rather homogeneous in their composition. According to Faist & Ragossnig as well as Titech practical results show that the implementation of NIR (Near-infrared) sensor-based sorting is capable of splitting also heterogeneous wastes by material-specific characteristics and allows for generating waste streams that can be recovered.

 

 

Stand der Pumpspeicher in Deutschland 2025
© Springer Vieweg | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH (12/2025)
Infolge des Ausbaus der Stromerzeugung aus erneuerbaren Energien ist ein erhöhter Speicherbedarf im Stromverbundnetz notwendig. Hierdurch steigt die Bedeutung von Pumpspeichern als bis auf weiteres einzige Möglichkeit für eine großmaßstäbliche Stromspeicherung.

Pumpspeicherkraftwerke - Empfehlungen zur Verkuerzung und Vereinfachung von Genehmigungsverfahren in Deutschland
© Springer Vieweg | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH (12/2025)
Die Genehmigungsverfahren sind sehr komplex sowie mit hohen Kosten und rechtlichen Unsicherheiten verbunden und dauern oftmals mehr als zehn Jahre.

Revitalisierung des Pumpspeicherwerks Happurg - Sanierung des Oberbeckens
© Springer Vieweg | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH (12/2025)
Im Rahmen der Revitalisierung des Pumpspeicherwerks Happurg haben im September 2024 auch die Arbeiten zur Sanierung des zugehörigen Oberbeckens begonnen.

 

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