Regenerative Energie
Biomass and especially biogas is deemed to be part of the desired substitution of fossil energy. The majority of biogas systems in Germany have an electric power output below 500 kW (Figure 1). They are generally installed in rural areas where the efficient use of the coproduced heat is hardly possible and approximately 50 % of the energy content of the biogas is dissipated. Figure 1 shows explicitly the push effect of the German act on granting priority to renewable energy sources (EEG) in 2004 [1]. The purpose described in article 1 of this act is to protect the climate by facilitating the use of renewable energies. This is achieved by paying a guaranteed price for the produced electric energy which includes a bonus compared to conventionally produced electrical energy. From the beginning of 2009 new payment provisions have been applied [2].
The injection of biogas into the gas grid with subsequent usage in CHP technologies is a reasonable alternative for the usage of renewable energy carriers. Thus up to 2030 10 % of the natural gas supply should be substitute by upgraded biogas. To guarantee grid integrity and to secure the save operation of gas appliances gas quality aspects are imminent. Especially technical requirements concerning combustion properties and limits of gas compounds (e. g. the DVGW standards G 260, G 262) have to be fulfilled. Up to now for the injection of biogas only few monitoring data have been published. Within a DVGW monitoring program 7 biogas injection plants as well as 7 biogas plants with direct power generation were examined. Beside raw biogas also upgraded biogas and off gas from CO2-removal were analysed. The range of the main biogas components were identified with the help of long-term measurement. Trace components were quantified by numerous control samplings.
| Copyright: | © DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH |
| Quelle: | GWF gas solutions International (August 2010) |
| Seiten: | 7 |
| Preis: | € 7,00 |
| Autor: | Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang Köppel Dr.-Ing Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Frank Graf |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit