Regenerative Energie
Waste management activities and especially disposal of waste in landfills that generates methane (CH4) contribute to global Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions approximately by 4% (Bogner et al, 2007). In Greece, the main method of solid waste management remains landfilling; apart from this, 22 Material Recovery Facilities (MRF) are in operation for source segregated recyclables, whereas 2 Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) plants processing residual Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) operate currently in Attica and in Chania (Crete), with 2 new MBT plants in Kefalonia and Herakleion (Crete again) are ready to operate within 2009 (Psomopoulos 2008; HSWMA, 2009).
Nevertheless increasing environmental concerns, public pressures and the European and Hellenic waste policy and legislation that force diversion from landfill through sustainable waste management, necessitate investments in more new treatment plants for the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), including biological and thermal treatment of MSW. In this context, the 13 Regional authorities in Greece have issued their Regional Plans, where the need for new MSW treatment facilities is recognized and operationalised (Hellenic Ministry for the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works, 2007). In Attica Region (i.e. the Greater Athens area) 2,200,000 t MSW (wet weight) were generated in 2008, of which 12% were recycled and 350,000 t were treated in the existing MBT plant at the Liossia site (Eurostat, 2009;HSWMA, 2009) (Figure 1). Given that the Hellenic waste management policy only recently started to address waste minimization measures like home composting and Pay As You Throw (PAYT) schemes, the waste growth is anticipated to remain in the future at present levels (i.e. 1.1% per annum in 2007 - cf. Eurostat, 2009) or even to increase. By taking into account the forecasted growth of population (Eurostat, 2009), if waste growth rates remain at present levels, 2,800,000 t MSW will be generated annually by 2030. Even if source segregation is enhanced and consequently recycling rates increase, a significant amount of residual MSW will have to be diverted from landfills in order for the targets of the Landfill Directive 99/31/EC to be met (Figure 1).
| Copyright: | © Veranstaltergemeinschaft Bilitewski-Faulstich-Urban |
| Quelle: | 15. Fachtagung Thermische Abfallbehandlung (März 2010) |
| Seiten: | 16 |
| Preis: | € 0,00 |
| Autor: | Assoc. Prof. Avraam Karagiannidis |
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