Regenerative Energie
Currently, around 100 membrane filtration plants are in operation in Germany, of which 85 % are operated with low pressure porous microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. About 90 % of the total number of plants uses spring and well water as a raw water resource and just 7 % are fed with reservoir water. However, related to the total capacity of roughly 325,000 m3 produced drinking water per day by porous membranes in Germany about 60 % is from reservoir water, meaning a lot of water is produced by a small number of large plants.
In November 2005 one of the largest combined coagulation ultrafi ltration plants worldwide and the largest in Germany went into operation. Its maximum capacity is about 7,000 m³/h of drinking water. Furthermore, a secondary UF stage with a capacity of about 630 m³/h has been used to treat the back-wash water of the first stage. The innovative plant design results from an intensive preliminary pilot period, in which several advanced concepts had been investigated. The paper reflects the long term experience with operation and monitoring of the plant over a period of about three years. Up to now expectations regarding performance in terms of permeability, retention, and reliability have been exceeded. The predicted specific treatment costs of about 10 €Ct/m³ drinking water were achieved or even reduced.
| Copyright: | © DIV Deutscher Industrieverlag GmbH |
| Quelle: | International Issue 2009 (September 2009) |
| Seiten: | 8 |
| Preis: | € 8,00 |
| Autor: | Dr.-Ing. Stefan Panglisch Dipl.-Ing. Walter Dautzenberg Andreas Holy |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit