Regenerative Energie
Purpose of this study is the estimation of methane which is and will be produced in new Hellenic sanitary landfills.
Up to now, LFG emissions have been estimated by Greece in order to comply with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). According to the official Hellenic report, methane emissions in 2000 from landfills in Greece were 548 Gg/year and they increased by 87.7% between 1990 and 2002, which is one of the highest increases among the UNFCCC parties. The main differences between the present study and the aforementioned report are the use of a multi-phase model, instead of the IPCC default method (zero-order model) respectively, the use of actual data for a number of sanitary landfills and, in the cases where no data were available, the compilation of more reliable and pragmatic assumptions. For the implementation of the model, 2008 was chosen as the starting year for waste deposition in the new sanitary landfills, due to the fact that by the end of this year (following, however, a series of postponements) all open dumps are obliged to be closed and the generated waste would be deposited in the corresponding available sanitary landfills. However, methane produced by the two major Hellenic semi-controlled landfills, one in Thessaloniki, (initiated at 1981 at ‘Tagarades’ site) and one in Attiki (initiated at 1973 at ‘Ano Liosia’ site) which serve almost half of the total Hellenic population, was estimated as well. 2028 was chosen as the last year of waste disposal at the considered sites, although LFG will clearly continue to be produced. In this context, two scenarios were considered: One took into account the fulfillment of the European landfill directive which sets limits to the amount of biodegradable and packaging materials to be deposited in sanitary landfills, whereas the second one (do-nothing scenario) assumed no such timely achievement. Between the two chosen scenarios (‘do nothing’ and ‘landfill directive’), significant differences in the production of methane were found, as expected. Recycling of landfilled paper and food waste in the landfill directive scenario, led to a reduction of degradable deposited waste and, therefore, maximum methane production was nearly 60% lower than that of the do-nothing scenario. Estimated methane in the period between 1973 and 2006 is actually lower than methane produced in reality, due to the fact that in the landfills of Attiki and Tagarades, accidental landfill fires have occurred which reduced the total organic carbon of the deposited waste. Although the scenario, in which the landfill directive is implemented, is considered as closest to reality, deviations may occur from the prescribed goals.
| Copyright: | © European Compost Network ECN e.V. |
| Quelle: | Orbit 2008 (Oktober 2008) |
| Seiten: | 12 |
| Preis: | € 12,00 |
| Autor: | Assoc. Prof. Avraam Karagiannidis Thomas Tsatsarelis |
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