Operating experiences of a continuous biohydrogen reactor

Today, hydrogen is produced mainly by steam reformation of fossile fuels like natural gas or oil. But only hydrogen produced by renewable sources is really a clean energy. So one possibility for hydrogen production is the biological fermentation of biogenous wastes by hydrogen producing bacteria. For the experimental setup four 30-L-volume reactors were constructed for continuous biohydrogen production. As inoculum, heat-treated sludge of a wastewater treatment plant was used. A hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 40 hours was tested and an organic loading rate (OLR) of 2-10 kg VS/m3*d. As starting substrate, waste sugar medium was used. The pH and other parameters were observed to find boundary conditions for a stable continuous process with a minimum of online-control measurements.The high concentration of organic acids in the reactor led to a very low pH, which was controlled manually and online > 4 up to 5.5, otherwise the biohydrogen production decreased rapidly. The gas amount varied with the different OLRs, but could be stabilised on a high level as well as the hydrogen concentration in the gas with 44-52 %. No methane was detected in the gas. It turned out, that continuous biohydrogen production with stable gas amounts and qualities could be achieved at different operation conditions.The results showed, that the start up and operation of a continuous biohydrogen reactor have to be observed very carefully to ensure a constant gas production, and that pH-control ensured stable operation conditions.

 

 

Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland

Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens - ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.

Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit

 

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