Regenerative Energie
Due to the regulations of the EU landfill directive the amount of biodegradable waste must be reduced within 15 years after the entry in force of the directive in 1999 and possibly further 2 years due the transposition of the directive in all member states. According to the amount of waste in the year 1995 the organic substances must be reduced to 35 % of the total amount (by weight) of biodegradable municipal waste in three steps. EU-member states with an amount of
more than 80 % waste disposed of in landfills in 1995 can apply for a delay of further 4 years. The EU landfill directive contains no commitments about the methods for determination of the biodegradable organic substances as well as the proof of reduction. (EU landfill directive, 1999)
According to the EU-legislation the biodegradability of the waste disposed of in landfills should be minimized. In Germany, the parameter AT4 (respiration activity determined over the course of 4 days in laboratory testing) and GB21 (gas formation determined over the course of 21 days in laboratory testing) were implemented in the german legislation in order to describe the biodegradability of the waste and to determine the efficiency of the mechanicalbiological pre-treatment. In comparison to the situation in Germany, two different methods for assessment of the biodegradability of waste were developed in the UK. The BM100 is an anaerobic methanogenic digestion test, which takes at least 100 days to complete. The DR4 is a four-day test method in order to evaluate the aerobic dynamic respiration. In the differences of the anaerobic methods will be presented. Different kinds of pre-treated waste from different treatment steps were investigated with both methods and the advantages and disadvantages of both methods were pointed out. In order to compare the waste treatment systems in Germany and the UK, it is necessary to know the limits of each method.
| Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group |
| Quelle: | Specialized Session F (Oktober 2007) |
| Seiten: | 9 |
| Preis: | € 9,00 |
| Autor: | Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Anke Bockreis Dr.-Ing. Wolfgang Müller Dr.-Ing. Iris Steinberg |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit