Regenerative Energie
Municipal waste generation in Germany has remained more or less constant during the last ten years. In 2004 an amount of 587 kg of municipal waste per inhabitant was produced and 13.88 million tons of municipal wastes were incinerated in Germany. Since the deposition of organic rich waste is largely restricted in Germany since June 2005, lager amounts of bottom ashes from MSWI have to be expected. During the process of municipal waste incineration 25-33% of the original mass of municipal waste accumulates normally as bottom ash.
Accepting worst case scenarios of storage or processing of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash (open storage in the environment or abandonment of deposal sites), which allows its infiltration by water and CO2, and based on own observations where we found despite its high alkalinity and its heavy metal content a rich vegetation on deposited bottom ashes, it is asked how this will influence the geochemical behaviour of the bottom ash. Both, CO2 and exudations from plant roots, are known to have an acidifying effect on substrates. Therefore, bottom ashes of different age, storage conditions and covered by vegetation or not, were investigated under laboratory and field site conditions. Measurements of their heavy metal, CO2 and organic acid concentrations were compared to a geochemical model that predicts the bottom ash composition when driven to an equilibrium state under conditions of free access of water and CO2. Calculations and measurements showed both that the vegetation only marginally influenced the pH as the crucial factor for heavy metal solubility in the bottom ash.
| Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group |
| Quelle: | Specialized Session D (Oktober 2007) |
| Seiten: | 11 |
| Preis: | € 11,00 |
| Autor: | Dr. Gerhard Heindl Dr. Hartmut Gimmler M. Woitke |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit