Regenerative Energie
Pretreatment of waste is law in Germany since 1st of June 2005. One principal method is municipal solid waste incineration. Research on mobilisation and retention of environmentally relevant pollutants (highly soluble salts and heavy metals) in residues from waste incineration is urgent as incineration results in an accumulation of ecotoxic species. Long-term leaching of highly soluble salts and ecotoxic species was observed for a term of 25 months. We conducted laboratory experiments with bottom ash, as column tests. In general column experiments are conducted at water saturated conditions. But in landfills alternation of wet and dry conditions occur. Therefore unsaturated conditions were applied to our experiments.
On monofills the way of emplacement of waste may lead to a sequence of layers with different grain size. Due to compaction reduced permeability within these layers can be intensified. Laboratory experiments with bottom ash were conducted to examine the effect of grain size changeover within a column on long-term leaching of highly soluble salts and ecotoxic species. The application of a fine grained layer obviously changed the permeability along the profile of the column. Analysed solid samples indicated that the fine grained layer has a high water content due to impounding leachate. Just below the barrier layer the sample is much drier. Increased conductivity of the eluates confirms the effect of grain size changeover. The retention of highly soluble salts is enhanced. We applied unsaturated water conditions to our laboratory tests. The experiments showed that the alternation of wet and dry conditions causes an accumulation of salts along grain boundaries.
| Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group |
| Quelle: | Specialized Session D (Oktober 2007) |
| Seiten: | 9 |
| Preis: | € 9,00 |
| Autor: | Dr. Daniela Sager Prof. Dr. Soraya Heuss-Aßbichler Dr. Gerhard Heindl |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit