Regenerative Energie
The situation of waste management in Central Asia (i.e. Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan,
Tajikistan and Turkmenistan) is predominantly characterised by poor landfill practices, resourceintensive production and very limited resources of arable soil and water. Population density is relatively high, particularly in the southern region of Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan). The average density of population in the Fergana Valley for instance is 100 persons per square kilometre whereas in the Uzbek part of the valley the density reaches up to 300 people per sq. km. In addition, most of the industrial and mining activities are located in these regions where one could also find the main groundwater resources and the majority of landfill sites.
Landfill practices are often insufficient in the countries of Central Asia (CA). Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is often disposed of together with medical waste, commercial and industrial waste. Most of the existing MSW landfills can be considered as open dumps, causing severe problems in respect of environmental pollution and human health. In the framework of the international research project NISMIST these landfills have been subject to closer investigations. Some of the main results are summarized in this paper. It became clear that many landfills possessing both, severe ongoing emissions in terms of polluted leachate and landfill gas as well as a significant emission potential. The situation deteriorates due to uncontrolled surface and subsurface fires on many sites releasing high concentrations of trace components like e.g. carbon monoxide and potentially toxic organic compounds. Only very few exceptions can be found, demonstrating that relatively simple and cost effective measures like e.g. waste compaction and intermediate covering contributing significant to an improvement of the situation.
| Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group |
| Quelle: | Specialized Session C (Oktober 2007) |
| Seiten: | 11 |
| Preis: | € 11,00 |
| Autor: | Dr.-Ing. Marco Ritzkowski Helmut Adwiraah Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rainer Stegmann |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit