Regenerative Energie
The assessment and selection of waste management strategies is one of the most fundamental tasks in waste management. The complexity of waste management systems has been increasing worldwide, since material and resource aspects as well as closed loop material flows are becoming more and more important. Growing interrelationships between disposal, recycling and production processes result in complex networks of waste treatment. Material Flow Analysis (MFA) is a systematic assessment of the flows of materials within a system defined in space and time. Brunner P. and Rechberger H. (2004) published a methodology for the assessment of waste treatment processes based on the analysis of material flows. Only an exact accounting of all substance flows allows one to determine the final sinks (or the whereabouts) of the “goods” in these processes.
One of the challenges facing developing countries is scarcity of raw materials on the one hand and growing waste generation on the other hand. Hence the reintegration of resources in the industrial material cycle is more and more considered as a task of waste management. In this paper examples will be shown Material Flow Analysis as a decision support tool (DST) within national waste management systems for Thailand, China and Germany. In China and Thailand, direct emissions to the environment without retention of hazardous substances are a consequence of the usual disposal method by open burning and open dumping are. In case of material recycling, the energy demand for additional logistics and processing can be compensated by energy credits derived from the substitution of primary production. Compared to materials like paper and plastics, waste as a nitrogen resource is scarcely utilized neither in Thailand nor China. For the future work other material and substance flows have to be assessed and brought into the context to primary production in order to estimate substitution potentials for primary raw materials and accordingly the demand for treatment and logistical capacity.
| Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group |
| Quelle: | Specialized Session C (Oktober 2007) |
| Seiten: | 11 |
| Preis: | € 11,00 |
| Autor: | P. Chanchampee Prof. Dr.-Ing. Vera Susanne Rotter |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit