Regenerative Energie
Bottom ash (BA) from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) is produced in large quantities in many countries, and must either be utilised or deposited in landfills for nonhazardous waste. In general, the bottom ash must meet both functional and environmental criteria to be accepted for utilisation. Acceptance at certain classes or sub-categories of landfills may also require testing and compliance with environmental quality criteria (CEC, 2003). The preferred management option for MSWI bottom ash in Denmark is utilisation provided it can be carried out in an environmentally acceptable manner. (Session A13: Management of bottom ashes (II))
A large scale demonstration site for utilisation of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash as sub-base in road construction was established in 2002, and results from the three first years of operation are presented for two different bottom ashes. Laboratory and field determinations of accumulated leached amounts as a function of L/S showed a reasonable agreement for several salts and trace elements. Due to carbonation in the field sites or the drains, pH of the leachates from the field sites was generally lower than that of the eluates obtained in the laboratory tests, causing differences in the leaching of some of the pH-sensitive trace elements. Oxidation effects on the leaching of Cr were also seen, particularly near the edges of the field sites. On-site ageing effects further gave rise to differences between laboratory and field leaching of DOC and Cu. A slope of 2.5 % of the surface of the pebble-covered compacted bottom ash sub-base, gave rise to a substantial lateral flow of precipitation (surface run-off to infiltration ratios of 7:1 and 2:1 over a distance of 8 m). The observations of the leaching of contaminants and the water balances at the field sites will continue.
| Copyright: | © IWWG International Waste Working Group |
| Quelle: | General Session A (Oktober 2007) |
| Seiten: | 12 |
| Preis: | € 12,00 |
| Autor: | O. Hjelmar Jesper Holm K. Crillesen |
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Hochlauf der Wasserstoffwirtschaft
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Überblick über und Diskussion der Maßnahmen zum beschleunigten Ausbau
der Wasserstoffinfrastruktur in Deutschland
Die innerstaatliche Umsetzung des Pariser Klimaschutzübereinkommens
- ein Rechtsvergleich
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Like all public international law treaties, the Paris Climate Accords rely on national law for their implementation. The success of the agreement therefore depends, to a large extent, on the stepstaken or not taken by national governments and legislators as well as on the instruments and mechanisms chosen for this task. Against this background, the present article compares different approaches to the implementation of the Paris Agreement, using court decisions as a means to assess their (legal) effectiveness.
Klimaschutzrecht und Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien in der Schweiz
© Lexxion Verlagsgesellschaft mbH (8/2024)
Verschachtelte Gesetzgebung unter politischer Ungewissheit